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layer web application design

 

There are several layers to consider when designing a web application. These include:


Presentation layer: This is the user interface of the web application, and it is responsible for displaying information to the user and allowing the user to interact with the application.


Business logic layer: This layer contains the logic for handling business rules and processes. It is responsible for handling tasks such as data validation, calculation, and manipulation.


Data access layer: This layer is responsible for accessing data from the database or other data sources and providing it to the business logic layer.


Data storage layer: This layer is responsible for storing data in a persistent manner, such as in a database or file system.


It is important to design these layers separately, as it allows for easier maintenance and modification of the application.

Three-layer web application design

In a three-layer web application, there is physical separation between the presentation,

application, and data layer, which is described as follows:

Presentation layer: 

This is the server that receives the client connections and is

the exit point through which the response is sent back to the client. It is the

frontend of the application. The presentation layer is critical to the web

application, as it is the interface between the user and the rest of the application.

The data received at the presentation layer is passed to the components in the

application layer for processing. The output received is formatted using HTML,

and it is displayed on the web client of the user. Apache and nginx are open

source software programs, and Microsoft IIS is commercial software that is

deployed in the presentation layer.

Application layer:

: The processor-intensive processing and the main application's
logic is taken care of in the application layer. Once the presentation layer collects
the required data from the client and passes it to the application layer, the
components working at this layer can apply business logic to the data. The
output is then returned to the presentation layer to be sent back to the client. If
the client requests data, it is extracted from the data layer, processed into a useful
form for the client, and passed to the presentation layer. Java, Python, PHP, and
ASP.NET are programming languages that work at the application layer.

Data access layer

 The actual storage and the data repository works at the data

access layer  web application design. When a client requires data or sends data for storage, it is passed

down by the application layer to the data access layer for persistent storage. The

components working at this layer are responsible for maintaining the data and

keeping its integrity and availability. They are also responsible for managing

concurrent connections from the application layer. MySQL and Microsoft SQL

are two of the most commonly used technologies that work at this layer.

Structured Query Language (SQL)

 relational databases are the most commonly
used nowadays in web applications, although NoSQL databases, such as
MongoDB, CouchDB, and other NoSQL databases, which store information in a
form different than the traditional row-column table format of relational
databases, are also widely used, especially in Big Data Analysis applications. SQL
is a data definition and query language that many database products support as a
standard for retrieving and updating data.
The following diagram shows how the presentation, application, and data access layers
work together:





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